Kab mob kis pob cos (human papillomavirus), kuj muab hu tias HPV, yog ib yam kab mob vais lav (virus) uas nquag tshwm sim heev. Feem ntau yuav luag txhua tus yuav tau mob HPV li ntawm ib zaug nyob hauv lub neej. Feem ntau kab mob HPV txawj ploj mus nws tus kheej, tiamsis ib txhia kab mob no nyob mus thiab ua rau mob khees xaws tau. Txhua xyoo nyob hauv Tebchaws Mekas, li ntawm 35,000 tus pojniam thiab txivneej mob khees xaws vim yog pom tias lawv kis HPV. Koob tshuaj HPV pab tiv thaiv cov hluas kom tsis txhob kis tus vais lav no, ces yeej tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob khees xaws thiab.

Ib hom khees xaws uas nquag tshwm sim los ntawm HPV yog kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam. Dhau los lawm, kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog tus kab mob khees xaws uas tua ntau tus pojniam tuag heev tshaj hauv Tebchaws Mekas.Kev txheeb xyuas kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog kev kuaj los mus nrhiav pom khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam kom ntxov. Kev kuaj li no tau pab txo kom tsis txhob muaj ntau tus tuag vim yog kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam.Tam sim no, kev kuaj thiab koob tshuaj HPV tau pab kom kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog ib yam khees xaws uas cheem tau.

Tiamsis mas yeej tseem yog ib yam teeb meem.Nyob hauv xyoo 2016, muaj txog li 13,000 khej qhib tshiab uas yog mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam nyob hauv Tebchaws Mekas. Ntawm cov khej no, muaj 161 khej yog txog cov pojniam nyob hauv Xeev Minnesota. Tseem muaj ntau tus pojniam mob precancer. Precancer yog ib cov keeb txawv txav uas ncau mus ua kab mob khees xaws tau. Nrhiav pom cov keeb no thaum mus kuaj seb puas mob kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam. Tiamsis kev kuaj thiab kho cov keeb txawv txav no kuj tsim tau lwm yam mob nkeeg thiab.

Kev hno koob tshuaj HPV kuj yuav pab ntau tshaj li 90% cov kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam thiab cov keeb txawv txav. Txawm li no los, tsuas muaj li ib nrab cov hluas uas nyob hauv Xeev Minnesota thiaj li hno koob tshuaj no xwb.Xav kom cov menyuam tub ntxhais hluas hno 2 koob tshuaj HPV thaum lawv muaj 11 lossis 12 xyoos. Cov tiav hluas thiab neeg laus kuj txhaj tau koob tshuaj no thiab, tiamsis lawv yuav tau hno 3 koob tshuaj no yog tias lawv pib txhaj thaum lawv muaj 15 xyoos lossis laus dua.

Koob tshuaj no ua haujlwm zoo tshaj thaum txhaj ua ntej tsis tau kis HPV. Kev kawm thiab kev tshawb fawb nrhiav pom tias kev tiv thaiv los ntawm txhaj koob tshauj no kav ntev heev. Cov pojniam uas tau hno koob tshuaj HPV tseem yuav tau mus kuaj seb puas mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam kom tsis tu ncua pib thaum muaj 21 xyoos. Yuav tsum ua li no vim tias koob tshuaj tsis yog 100% tiv thaiv tau kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam.

Koob tshuaj HPV yeej nyab xeeb siv tau. Tau hno li 100 laab koob tshuaj HPV txij li thaum muaj ntaub ntawv tso cai los ntawm tsoom fwv lub koom haum tswj zaub mov thiab tshuaj (Food and Drug Adminstration, FDA) thiab pom zoo los ntawm tsoom fwv lub koom haum tswv tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tshawb fawb (Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, CDC). Tagnrho cov koob tshuaj uas siv hauv Tebchaws Mekas yuav tsum muaj ntau xyoo kev tshawb fawb pom tias nyab xeeb siv ua ntej muaj ntaub ntawv tso cai siv tau. Cov kws kho mob yeej tseem soj ntsuam tom qab txhaj koob tshuaj tas seb puas nyab xeeb. Muaj tshaj li 10 xyoo kev tshawb fawb pom tias koob tshuaj HPV yeej nyab xeeb siv tau thiab tsis tsim kev mob nkeeg phem.

Koob tshuaj, li lwm yam tshuaj siv, kuj muaj tej yam txhaum fab thiab. Feem ntau cov kev txhaum fab los ntawm koob tshuaj tsis yog mob phem. Cov kev txhaum fab uas nquag tshwm sim los ntawm koob tshuaj, xws li koob tshuaj HPV, yog hnov mob, nqaij liab, lossis o txhais npab uas hno koob tshuaj.Cov kev txhaum fab yeej txawj ploj mus li ntawm ob peb hnub. Kev xab lauv tom qab hno koob tshuaj tsuas pom muaj rau cov nto hluas. Vim li no cov kws kho mob thiaj li kom lawv zaum thiab nyob zov li 15 feeb tom qab hno koob tshuaj tag.

Txog koob tshuaj HPV, peb muaj peev xwm cheem 6 yam kab mob khees xaws, nrog rau kab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam. Coj koj cov menyuam uas muaj 11 thiab 12 xyoos mus hno koob tshuaj los tiv thaiv lawv. Nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham seb muaj koob tshuaj twg zoo los hno koj cov menyuam. Yog tias koj tsis muaj ib tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog li no, qhia rau koj tsev neeg thiab phoojywg txog qhov tseem ceeb coj lawv cov menyuam mus hno tej koob tshuaj.